LM Theory
The complete technical specification of the theory. From the ontological substrate to the falsifiable predictions.
Ontology
The foundation of existence. LM Theory assumes that fundamental reality is informational, not geometric or material.
The Single Ontological Commitment
"Reality is an informational structure that is created and evolves according to specific laws. Spacetime and matter are mere secondary patterns."
The Single Ontological Commitment
Fundamental reality is an informational structure that is created and evolves according to specific laws.
This has massive implications:
All of these are emergent phenomena — they only appear when the informational structure reaches certain stability conditions.
This makes LM the most minimal theory, more minimal than GR, QFT, Standard Model, Loop Quantum Gravity, and String Theory.
Primitive Entities
Entities that exist before any form of geometry. LM accepts only TWO fundamental entities.
Informational Substrate Field
Φ : M → ℝΦ is the raw material of information, containing:
- • Structure
- • Variation
- • Stability minima
- • Potential
- • Dynamics
- • Basin formation
Φ is not space, not time, not quantum. It is pure informational substrate.
Informational Tracer Field
χ = F[Φ]χ is not an independent entity — it depends entirely on Φ.
Functions of χ:
- • "Reader" of the Φ landscape
- • "Probe" for informational structure
- • Determines emergent fermion spectrum
- • Traces minima and variations of Φ
Analogy (but not identical): Like an electron "reading" an EM potential, but here χ reads the informational potential.
Structural Relations
The most fundamental relationships between Φ and χ. LM requires 3 structural relations:
S1 — Φ determines emergent geometry
g_μν ~ ⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩Geometry does not exist beforehand. Geometry emerges as a statistical pattern from the gradients of Φ.
S2 — Φ determines the mass of χ
mχ(x) = m₀ + yχΦ²(x)Consequences:
- • χ is light inside basin (Φ ≈ 0)
- • χ is heavy outside (Φ ≈ ±v)
- • χ is confined (confinement)
- • Only three bound modes emerge
S3 — χ influences Φ (backreaction)
□Φ = -2yχ Φ ρχ + ...This completes the closed-loop dynamics of LM.
Derived Entities
All physical phenomena emerge from Φ–χ alone. From these two fundamental entities, LM obtains:
Emergent Geometry
gμν = f(Φ)⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩
Emergent Curvature
From gradients & boundary density of Φ
Emergent Matter Spectrum
3-mode fermionic spectrum from χ confinement
Emergent Mass Hierarchy
mₙ ~ ∫ Φ² ψₙ²
Emergent Mixing
In basin network Laplacian
Emergent Gravity
Clausius relation on boundary → Einstein equation
Emergent Cosmology
IR basin spacing → power spectrum k⁻²
Ontological Hierarchy
The structure of existence from most fundamental → most complex:
Ontological Consistency Conditions
Existence conditions that must be satisfied at the fundamental level:
No superluminal connections
Φ operator must be hyperbolic for causality definition
Potential minima bounded → basin formation
No additional entities allowed
Geometry must emerge after Φ stabilizes — not before
Φ existence is not autoreferential; consistent with theistic ontology (but physically neutral)
Symmetry & Invariance
Symmetry is the engine that determines the form of the Lagrangian and the nature of emergent reality.
The Z₂ Substrate Reflection
"LM starts with the most minimal symmetry possible: a simple sign reflection of the substrate field. This is the seed from which all complex physics grows."
The ONLY Fundamental Symmetry
Reflection Symmetry
This simple reflection symmetry forces the potential to be even (V(Φ) = V(Φ²)), which inevitably leads to the "Double Well" potential and discrete basin formation.
Why Z₂ is Critical
Z₂ forces:
This symmetry is the main engine of LM Theory. Only with Z₂ can LM produce physics-like, gravity-like, matter-like, and cosmology-like behavior.
Without Z₂ → LM does not function.
What LM Does NOT Have (Fundamental Level)
Because LM starts with no fundamental spacetime, no metric, no gauge fields, and no Hilbert space, it CANNOT have:
No fundamental spacetime
No fundamental metric
No gauge fields
No fundamental Hilbert space
No background arena
The only structure that exists is informational symmetry. LM's symmetry is not a symmetry of space; it is a symmetry of the informational substrate Φ.
Structural Symmetry (Induced/Emergent)
These are NOT fundamental. They only emerge when Φ stabilizes and is coarse-grained.
(i) Approximate Translation Symmetry
In the basin interior: Φ ≈ 0
No strong variation → symmetric. Wavefunctions χ are approximately translationally invariant.
(ii) Approximate Rotational Symmetry
If basin shape is approximately spherical: ∇Φ ≈ f(r)
→ χ modes are approximately degenerate
→ mass splitting is explained by deviation from perfect sphericity
(iii) Emergent Lorentz Symmetry
When emergent metric appears: gμν = f(Φ)⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩
Coarse-graining causes: ⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩ → ημν (approx)
Thus LM indirectly has:
- • Causal cone
- • Light-like propagation
- • Time dilation
- • Length contraction
But these are NOT fundamental — they are statistical emergent properties.
(iv) Emergent Gauge Symmetry
When χ modes are coupled through basin network:
Phase alignment of χ across basins → effective U(1) gauge symmetry
Flavor mixing → effective SU(2) or SU(3) structure
CRITICAL: These gauge symmetries are NOT fundamental. They are collective phenomena from basin network topology.
Comparison with Other Theories
| Theory | Fundamental Symmetries | Status in LM |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Model | SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) | Emergent |
| General Relativity | Diffeomorphism Invariance | Emergent |
| QFT | Poincaré + Gauge | Emergent |
| LM Theory | Z₂ only | Fundamental |
LM is the ONLY theory where all complex symmetries (Lorentz, Gauge, Diffeomorphism) are emergent consequences of a single discrete symmetry.
Constraints
The rigid mathematical rules that prevent the theory from collapsing. These are non-negotiable conditions for a stable emergent reality.
Bounded Stability
"Dynamics in LM are not chosen; they are forced. The constraints ensure that information settles into stable pockets (basins) rather than diverging into infinity."
Ontological Constraints
These define what is fundamentally allowed to exist.
O1. No Fundamental Geometry
Ontological ConstraintThe metric tensor gμν cannot appear in the Lagrangian. Geometry must be derived, not assumed.
If gμν appears fundamentally → LM collapses ontologically.
O2. No Fundamental Gauge Fields
Ontological ConstraintNo Aμ, no Wμ, no Gμ allowed at the fundamental level.
All gauge-like behavior must emerge from basin network topology and χ phase alignment.
O3. χ = F[Φ] (Derived Field Only)
Ontological Constraintχ is not an independent field. It is completely determined by Φ. This controls DOF and maintains minimality.
Dynamical Constraints
From the Lagrangian, these constraints determine how the system evolves.
D1. Bounded Informational Potential
V(Φ) = λ/4(Φ² - v²)² ≥ 0Mandatory implications:
- • Basin must exist
- • Stable minima must exist
- • Domain walls must emerge
- • χ confinement occurs
- • Geometry can only emerge after Φ settles
If potential is not bounded → Φ diverges → geometry cannot emerge → LM collapses.
D2. Hyperbolicity (Causality)
∂t² opposite sign to ∇²Even though there is no fundamental metric, the Φ evolution operator must be hyperbolic.
Implications:
- • No infinite speed signals
- • No elliptic collapse
- • System has emergent causal cone
- • Time begins to be defined by Φ evolution, not spacetime
This is very unique: LM maintains causality without fundamental spacetime.
D3. χ Mass Form (Confinement Constraint)
mχ(x) = m₀ + yχΦ²(x)Automatic consequences:
- • χ is lightest in basin
- • χ is heaviest outside
- • χ is trapped in basin
- • Dirac operator produces only 3 bound modes
- • Mass hierarchy emerges naturally
This is the source of emergent "fermion flavors" in LM.
Consistency Constraints
After geometry emerges, we must ensure it is not contradictory.
C1. Gradient Tensor Non-degeneracy
det⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩ ≠ 0Emergent metric: gμν = f(Φ)⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩
If degenerate:
- • Metric collapses
- • No emergent curvature
- • χ spectrum not well-defined
- • Causality is lost
Φ must have sufficient directional variation to "support" geometry.
C2. Basin Finiteness
0 < |Bᵢ| < ∞Each basin must have finite volume.
If basin is infinite:
- • χ spectrum becomes continuous
- • Three-mode structure fails
- • Flavor physics disappears
- • LM cosmology is wrong
Finite basin is one of LM's hardest predictions.
C3. χ Spectrum Must Be Exactly THREE Modes
ψ₀, ψ₁, ψ₂The Dirac operator in the basin MUST produce exactly three modes, no more, no less.
This is not a weak prediction. This is a mathematical requirement of the theory.
If experiments show >3 or <3 flavors → LM is immediately wrong.
Non-Permitted Structures (Forbidden Constructs)
LM strictly forbids:
This maintains LM as a closed theoretical system.
Summary Table (Formal)
| Category | Constraint | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Ontological | No metric | Geometry must emerge |
| Ontological | No gauge | Forces not fundamental |
| Ontological | χ = F[Φ] | DOF controlled, minimal |
| Dynamical | Bounded potential | Basin formation guaranteed |
| Dynamical | Hyperbolicity | Causal evolution |
| Dynamical | Mass form | Confinement & 3 χ modes |
| Consistency | Non-degenerate gradient | Metric valid |
| Consistency | Finite basins | Discrete χ spectrum |
| Consistency | Exactly 3 χ modes | Flavor structure fixed |
Field Content
The ultra-minimal list of mathematical entities. In LM, reality emerges from just one fundamental field and its direct consequence.
Ontological Minimality
"LM Theory accepts only TWO entities: the Substrate (Φ) and the Tracer (χ). From this pairing, all complexity—from gravity to matter—naturally emerges."
With Just Two Fields, LM Builds:
No other theory has this level of minimality.
Primary Field: Φ (Informational Substrate Field)
Φ : M → ℝΦ is the ONLY truly fundamental field in LM Theory.
Properties
- • Real scalar field
- • Minimal informational substrate
- • No intrinsic geometry
- • No intrinsic symmetry except Z₂
- • Supports variations & gradients
- • Forms basins and boundaries
- • Source of emergent metric
- • Determines χ effective mass
- • Determines curvature indirectly
- • Determines cosmic IR structure
Degrees of Freedom
DOF_Φ = 1Just one — and that is enough to produce the entire emergent structure of the theory.
Φ is the heart of LM Theory's ontology.
Secondary Field: χ (Informational Tracer Spinor)
χ = F[Φ]χ is a derived field, not fundamental.
Properties
- • Dirac-type spinor
- • Has no gauge charges
- • Has no intrinsic flavors
- • Has no independent mass
- • Cannot exist without Φ
- • Confined by Φ² potential
- • Produces exactly 3 bound modes
- • Responsible for emergent flavor sector
- • Responsible for mixing across basins
- • Its backreaction deepens basin walls
Degrees of Freedom
DOF_χ = 4Four-component spinor.
But these DOF are not fundamental, because χ is completely determined by Φ.
Forbidden Field Content (Strict Ontological Ban)
LM forbids any additional fields. If any of these fields are added, LM is no longer LM:
Would add minima, destroying confinement
Would break 3-mode structure
Introduces gauge invariance → contradicts ontology
Cannot exist at fundamental level
Metric & curvature cannot be fundamental
Γᵅμν cannot be fundamental DOF
LM is not a fundamental quantum theory
Violates minimality
This makes LM a closed system: no external DOF allowed.
Meta-Structures: Emergent, Not Fundamental
Many large entities emerge, but do not exist at the fundamental level:
(i) Emergent Metric gμν
gμν(x) = f(Φ)⟨∂μΦ ∂νΦ⟩- • Emerges after mesoscopic averaging
- • Symmetric by construction
- • Positive/negative signature depends on structure
- • Not a field in the fundamental Lagrangian
(ii) Emergent Geometry
From gμν, emerges:
- • Connection
- • Curvature
- • Geodesics
- • Causal structure
All are epiphenomena, not DOF.
(iii) Emergent Gauge-like Behavior
Although LM has no U(1), SU(2), SU(3), or gauge bosons, the structure of 3 χ modes produces:
- • Effective mixing
- • Effective phase alignment
- • Effective triplet symmetry
Like flavor mechanisms in modern physics, but without fundamental gauge groups.
(iv) Emergent Flavor Triplet
This comes from:
- Basin topology
- Φ-basin potential
- Confinement of χ
- Laplacian eigenmodes
χ₀, χ₁, χ₂These 3 modes are the result of the theory, not input.
The Minimal Lagrangian
The complete technical engine of the theory. A single mathematical expression from which all observed physical behavior is derived.
Symmetry-Forced Minimality
"The LM Lagrangian is not chosen from a list of possibilities; it is the unique mathematical form forced by the 6 Guiding Principles. Hover over each term to explore its function."
The 6 Guiding Principles of the Lagrangian
The LM Lagrangian is not chosen; it is forced. Any other formulation violates one of these six fundamental principles.
Ontological Minimality
Only Φ and χ are allowed on the fundamental level. If it isn't substrate or tracer, it doesn't exist in the Lagrangian.
Z₂ Symmetry
Invariance under Φ → -Φ. This strictly prohibits odd-power terms (Φ, Φ³) and forces Φ² coupling with matter.
No Fundamental Geometry
The metric gμν, curvature R, and connections Γ must not appear. Geometry is an effect, not an input.
Hyperbolicity
Second-order for Φ, first-order for χ. Ensures causal evolution and consistent fermion dynamics.
No Gauge Symmetry
Since gauge fields are ontologically forbidden, the Lagrangian must be free of gauge-covariant derivatives.
Stability
The potential must be bounded from below. This guarantees spontaneous symmetry breaking and basin formation.
Detailed Justification of Each Term
(1) Kinetic Term of Φ
- ✔ Symmetric under Φ → -Φ
- ✔ Respects locality
- ✔ Defines causal propagation (hyperbolic operator)
- ✔ Minimal derivative order
No metric is used — the contraction ∂μ∂μ is defined only a posteriori.
(2) Informational Potential
Why quartic?
- • Quadratic → no basin (only one minimum)
- • Sextic → non-minimal
- • Cubic → breaks Φ → -Φ symmetry
- • Higher polynomial → unnecessary DOF
Only this potential:
- • Produces two minima ±v
- • Creates basin interior Φ ≈ 0
- • Forms domain boundaries
- • Ensures Φ smooth & stable
- • Creates "well structure" for χ confinement
Without this potential → no emergent physics.
(3) Fermionic Kinetic Term
The only allowed term:
- ✔ First-order derivative (consistent fermion dynamics)
- ✔ No gauge fields
- ✔ No geometry input
- ✔ Respects locality & linearity
(4) Bare Mass Term of χ
This term is optional but structurally stable. In LM, it functions as:
- • Shift for χ effective mass
- • Breaking degeneracy
- • Modifying confinement depth
(5) Informational Yukawa Term
This is the MOST IMPORTANT coupling in LM.
Why Φ² is chosen, not Φ:
- • Φ is odd → breaks Z₂
- • Φ² is even → allowed
- • Gives mass landscape mχ(x)
- • Creates confinement region inside basin
- • Generates 3 bound modes
- • Produces flavor hierarchy
- • Produces mixing
This coupling realizes informational spectroscopy.
Why This Lagrangian Is Unique
All alternatives are forbidden. Here's the mathematical proof:
❌ Forbidden Scalar Terms
- Φ, Φ³ → breaks Z₂ symmetry
- Φ⁶, Φ⁸ → allowed but non-minimal (violates P1)
LM only chooses lowest-dimension invariant potential → quartic.
❌ Forbidden χ-Φ Couplings
- Φχχ → breaks symmetry
- Φ³χχ → non-minimal, dimension-6
- (∂Φ)χ → violates spin/parity
- χ̄γᵘAμχ → No Aμ allowed (forbidden by ontology)
❌ Forbidden Geometry Terms
- √-g term
- gμν∂μΦ∂νΦ
- RΦ²
- χ̄γᵘ∇μχ
These terms must NOT appear before geometry emerges.
❌ Forbidden Higher-Derivative Terms
- (□Φ)²
- χ̄□χ
Break hyperbolicity & introduce ghosts.
Consequences of the Minimal Lagrangian
From this simple Lagrangian, LM Theory obtains:
Variation & Equations
Deriving the field equations by applying the variational principle to the LM Lagrangian. This produces the closed-loop system of reality.
The Principle of Least Tension
"Dynamics in LM are not about 'force' but about informational stability. The system extremizes the action to find the configuration of minimum structural tension."
The Principle of Least Tension (δS = 0)
Varying the Action with respect to Φ and χ independently.
Applying the Euler-Lagrange equations to the unique LM Lagrangian.
Isolating the backreaction and coupling terms to form a closed loop.
Scalar Evolution (Φ Equation)
A nonlinear wave equation with a source term. The source (2yΦρχ) means that matter digs its own hole in the information substrate.
Physical Interpretation
- □Φ: Wave propagation of information
- λ(Φ² - v²)Φ: Restoring force toward minima ±v
- 2yΦρχ: Backreaction from χ density
This equation shows that matter (χ) actively shapes the informational landscape (Φ).
Tracer Evolution (χ Equation)
where: mχ(x) = m₀ + yΦ²(x)
The Spatially Varying Mass
The mass is not constant. It is spatiotemporally varying:
Mass ≈ m₀(Light)
Mass ≈ m₀ + yv²(Heavy)
This creates an infinite potential well that traps matter. χ cannot escape the basin.
Closed-Loop Dynamics
The two equations form a mutually dependent system:
Substrate
Tracer
- • Φ determines where χ can exist (via mass landscape)
- • χ determines how Φ evolves (via backreaction source)
- • Together they form stable basin structures
- • The system self-organizes into discrete informational pockets
This is fundamentally different from Standard Model, where particles and fields are independent entities.
Key Consequences of the Variational Equations
1. Confinement is Automatic
The mass term mχ(x) = m₀ + yΦ²(x) automatically creates a potential well. χ is trapped in regions where Φ ≈ 0.
2. Basin Stability
The backreaction term 2yΦρχ deepens the basin walls, making them more stable. Matter reinforces its own confinement.
3. Exactly 3 Bound States
The Dirac operator with spatially varying mass produces exactly 3 discrete bound modes in a finite basin. This is a mathematical consequence, not a choice.
4. Mass Hierarchy Emerges
Different modes have different overlap with the Φ² profile, producing natural mass splitting: m₀ < m₁ < m₂
Solution Families
The periodic table of informational structures. Every physical phenomenon—from vacuum to galaxies—is a specific class of solution to the LM equations.
Classification of Reality
"Reality is not a collection of objects, but a spectrum of mathematical solutions. By classifying these solutions, we understand the hierarchy from pure vacuum to complex cosmic webs."
FAMILY A — Vacuum
Φ = ±v. The two global minima. Only π₀ topology exists — no fundamental cosmic strings or monopoles allowed.
FAMILY B — Basins
Informational pockets where |Φ| ≈ 0. The territory of ordered existence and stable physics inside domain ±v.
FAMILY C — Domain Walls
Φ(x) = v tanh(x/Δ). Soliton solutions between ±v vacua. Thickness Δ determines curvature strength and energy density.
FAMILY D — Backreacted Basins
χ-modified basins. Presence of matter pushes Φ deeper into the minimum, a self-stabilizing informational feedback loop.
FAMILY E — Triplet Bound Modes
The "Matter Signature." Finite basin potential wells allow exactly 3 stable bound states (generations).
FAMILY F — Continuum Modes
Free χ waves (E > m_χ). Responsible for high-energy behavior and global informational propagation.
FAMILY G — Laplacian Graph Modes
Mixing patterns derived from basin network connectivity. Explains why θ13 is inherently small.
FAMILY H — Flat Interiors
Linear regime inside basins (∂μΦ ≈ 0). Where local physics is uniform and inertial.
FAMILY I — Curved Boundaries
High-gradient regions (|∇Φ| >> 0) where curvature R emerges. The source of all geometric complexity.
FAMILY J — Thermo-Gravity
The thermodynamic solution layer. Einstein's equations emerge as the equilibrium state of informational tension.
FAMILY K — No-Singularity Core
Finite-derivative solutions. Φ-smoothness prohibits Big Bang and Black Hole singularities at the core.
FAMILY L — Filamentary Web
Large-scale morphology where boundaries cluster into filaments, driving cosmic structure without dark matter.
Interpretation
Mapping the mathematical entities to physical reality. Beyond the equations lies a new understanding of what it means to 'exist'.
The Information-Centric View
"Reality is not 'stuff' moving through 'void.' It is the stable standing-wave patterns of a shared informational substrate. Physics is the study of that stability."
The Interpretation Layer Connects:
Meaning of Φ (Informational Substrate)
(1) Φ is NOT a normal physical field
Φ is NOT:
Φ is: The created informational substrate.
Meaning:
- • It holds structure, not "energy"
- • It holds rules, not "forces"
- • It allows differentiation, not "motion in space"
All emergent existence is merely a shadow of Φ patterns.
(2) Basin = where law becomes stable
Basin is not a physical object.
Basin is: Zone where informational tension reaches local minimum.
Interpretation:
- • Physical laws emerge inside basin, not outside
- • Spacetime, geometry, matter — all only stable in basin
- • Basin is the territory of ordered existence
(3) Domain walls = where rules change
At boundary ±v:
- • Curvature emerges
- • Tension is stored
- • Dark energy emerges
- • Geometric gradients exist
Boundary is where informational state change occurs.
Meaning of χ (Informational Tracer)
χ is NOT a fundamental fermion.
χ is: Observer-like tracer of Φ.
Meaning:
- • χ reads the shape of Φ
- • χ extracts structure from Φ
- • χ has bound modes that depend on Φ
- • χ defines "matter" in LM Theory
Without Φ, χ has no meaning. Without χ, Φ has no observer.
What is Reality in LM Theory?
Reality is not "stuff" moving in "space".
Reality is the stable standing wave patterns of the informational substrate.
Gravity
Not a force. It is the thermodynamic tendency of information boundaries to minimize tension.
Matter
Not a particle. It is a reader-function exploring the shape of the substrate.
Laws of Physics
Not absolute. They are merely the stability conditions of the current basin.
Spacetime
Not fundamental. It is the emergent statistical pattern from Φ gradients.
In LM Theory, existence is informational structure made stable by law, not physical substance moving through void.
Falsifiable Predictions
The ultimate test of the theory. LM makes the strictest predictions in any modern emergent framework. If these fail, the theory dies.
The Scientific Standard
"A theory that cannot be proven wrong is not a theory. LM provides a clear 'Kill List'—specific experimental results that would invalidate the entire ontology instantly."
⚠️ Falsifiability Matrix (The Kill List)
If ANY of these are observed, LM Theory is immediately and strictly false:
Key Predictions
These predictions are distinct from GR, QFT, and standard cosmology:
Microscopic Predictions
P1. Exactly 3 Fermion Generations
HARDNot 2, not 4. Exactly 3. This is a mathematical consequence of finite basin confinement.
P2. Mass Hierarchy Pattern
SOFTm₀ < m₁ < m₂ with specific ratios determined by basin geometry.
Mesoscopic Predictions
P3. Large-Large-Small Mixing (θ13 ≪ 1)
HARDThe Graph Laplacian of the basin network forces θ12 and θ23 to be large, but θ13 is restricted to be near-zero.
P4. Spectral Triplet Gap
HARDA significant spectral gap must exist after the 3rd mode, prohibiting any 4th generation from forming under any conditions.
Macroscopic Predictions
P5. Gravity is Thermodynamic
SOFTEinstein equations emerge from Clausius relation on Φ boundaries.
P6. No Naked Singularities
HARDBlack holes cannot form because Φ cannot collapse to a point.
Cosmological Predictions
P7. Power Spectrum k⁻²
HARDIR basin spacing produces specific power spectrum scaling.
P8. Dark Energy = Boundary Tension
SOFTCosmological constant emerges from domain wall tension, not vacuum energy.
P9. Hyperbolic Geometry Signature
HARDLarge-scale geometry must have negative curvature signature.
Current Experimental Status
- • 3 fermion generations observed
- • No 4th generation found
- • Hyperbolic cosmic geometry
- • Dark energy w ≈ -1
- • Precise mass hierarchy ratios
- • Thermodynamic gravity tests
- • IR power spectrum confirmation
- • Confinement mechanism details
LM Theory remains unfalsified. All current observations are consistent with its predictions.
End of Formal Documentation
Mohamad Azhar Bin Mohd Adi
@mohdazharadi